This study began in July 2018 at Zhongfeng long-term agricultural research site of Sichuan Agricultural University in Ya'an, Sichuan, China. The prevailing climate surrounding the study site is a subtropical monsoon climate. Mean annual temperature is 15.4℃, with the lowest and highest mean daily temperatures of 4.3℃ and 35.2℃, respectively. Mean annual precipitation is 1500 mm with 72.6% of the precipitation occurring during July and September. The layer being exposed belongs to sedimentary rock predominantly formed since the Mesozoic age, with the soil being Luvisols with a texture of clay loam. "Sichuan tea" has been cultivated since 1950s, forming a large-scale tea plantation with different ages. As a useful approach, the space-for-time substitution method is often used to monitor soil changes occurring along a tea plantation chronosequence that has developed with similar soils and similar climatic conditions. Establishment of tea plantations at different times creates an opportunity for elucidating the tea planting process because the geomorphologic processes can determine soil conditions before tea planting. In order to explore the effects of tea plantation age on the soil nematode community characteristics within soil aggregate and provide theoretical basis for formulating scientific and reasonable soil management measures in tea plantations, soil samples were obtained from tea plantations with different ages (19, 26, 34 and 56 a). The four tea plantations were collected on similar geomorphologic units, slope direction and gradient, and fertilization practices Soil aggregates were separated into four fractions:large (> 2 mm), medium (2-1 mm), small macro-aggregates (1-0.25 mm), and micro-aggregates (< 0.25 mm). The nematodes were extracted from 50 g fresh soil by a modified Baermann funnel methodology. In this study, a total of 6602 nematodes were captured, which belonged to 46 genera and the mean density was 421 ind·100g^-1 dry soil. Acrobeloides was the dominant genus and bacterial nematodes were the dominant trophic group. Soil aggregate-associated total nematode abundance decreased significantly with decreasing of aggregate size regardless of the tea plantation age. Additionally, the abundance of different trophic groups (including bacterivores, plant-parasites and fungivores) showed a trend similar to the abundance of total nematodes within different aggregates. In the macro-aggregates, the abundance of total nematodes as well as different trophic groups, with the exception of omnivores-predators, was significantly higher in the 26a tea plantation compared to that in other plantations. In the micro-aggregates, on the contrary, no significant differences were observed among the different aged tea plantations. Nematode structure index (SI) was less than 50, and enrichment index (EI) was more than 50. In this tea plantation ecosystem, the soil food web gradually degraded alongside plantations. Compared with the large macro-aggregates, the structure of soil food web was relatively less disturbed in the micro-aggregates. Notably, the degradation of soil food web alongside plantations underscores the need for sustainable soil management practices that would maintain soil health in the hilly area of western Sichuan in China.