Based on temperature data of 13 meteorological stations in the upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River during 1980-2015, the annual and winter temperature changes of black-necked cranes overwintering area in the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River were studied. The results showed that from 1980-2015, the annual average temperature, the annual average maximum temperature, and the annual average minimum temperature of the wintering area presented a very significant increase trend. The amplitude of the interannual fluctuation of the wintering period was relatively larger than the annual average temperature. Among them, the highest temperature increase rate during the winter season was the fastest, and the annual warming rate was higher with 0.09℃/10a. The trend of annual temperature in wintering and temperature increase in wintering period were consistent at the spatial level. The cyclical changes in average temperature, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature during the wintering period were earlier than the whole year, and there was a two-year periodic oscillation. During the wintering period, the average temperature, the average maximum temperature, and the average minimum temperature were mutated during the statistical period. The years of mutation were 1995, 1998, and 1993. There was no sudden change in daily range of temperature, and the temperature in winter and the temperature in winter were abrupt. In addition to the daily range of temperature, the direction of sudden changes in temperature during winter and winter temperatures is a sudden change from cold phase to warm phase.The long-term monitoring of climate change in the black-necked cranes overwintering area, reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, is of great significance for analyzing and accurately identifying the impact of climate change on the overwintering of black-necked cranes distribution area habitat and strengthening the protection of overwintering area of black-necked cranes.