向海退化盐沼湿地修复效果评估
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中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(吉推[2014]16号);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180101085JC);吉林师范大学研究生科研创新计划项目(研创新201924)


Assessment of rehabilitation effect of the degraded salt marsh wetlands in Xianghai
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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan),其他

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    摘要:

    向海自然保护区位于中国东北地区西部的半湿润半干旱气候区,是盐碱沼泽湿地集中分布区。近年来,受到气候变化和人类活动的影响,湿地退化严重,生物多样性下降。基于"压力-状态-响应"理论,利用层次分析方法构建湿地修复效果评估模型,构建了3个综合指标和19个评价因子在内的湿地评价指标体系,对退化湿地修复效果进行评估。结果表明,与2015年相比,2017年仙鹤岛修复示范区湿地植被盖度在原有基础上提高45.83%,水禽数量和种类分别提高40.41%和61.54%,水质综合污染指数下降了8.70%,土壤盐度指数下降了8.82%。与2015年的湿地评价值0.4481相比,2017年湿地评价值为0.5537,修复效果值提高了23.57%,向海湿地的退化状况得到明显改善,达到了湿地的修复效果,该研究对于湿地的恢复与管理具有一定意义。

    Abstract:

    Xianghai Nature Reserve is located in the semi-humid and semi-arid climate area in the west of Northeast China. It is a concentrated distribution area of saline-alkali marsh wetlands. In recent years, wetlands have been seriously degraded and biodiversity has declined under the influence of climate change and human activities. Based on the theory of Pressure-State-Response, this paper constructs an evaluation model of wetland restoration effect by using analytic hierarchy process, and develops an evaluation index system of wetland including three comprehensive indicators and 19 evaluation factors, to evaluate the restoration effect of the degraded wetland. The results showed that the vegetation coverage of Xianhe Island restoration demonstration area wetland increased by 45.83%, while the number and species of waterfowl increased by 40.41% and 61.54%, respectively. The comprehensive pollution index of water quality decreased by 8.70% and the salinity index of soil decreased by 8.82% in 2017 compared with that in 2015. Compared with the wetland evaluation value of 0.4481 in 2015, the wetland evaluation value of 2017 was 0.5537, and the restoration effect value increased by 23.57%. The marshes degradation situation in Xianghai has been significantly improved to achieve an ideal wetland restoration effect, which has certain significance for wetland restoration and management.

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永智丞,刘吉平,司薇.向海退化盐沼湿地修复效果评估.生态学报,2020,40(20):7401~7409

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