Based on the land-use datasets from 1980 to 2015, in this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal changes and its driving forces of woodland and grassland landscape pattern in Qinling Mountains following GIS, landscape pattern index, and principal component analysis methods. The results showed that:(1) Woodland and grassland were the main landscape types in the Qinling Mountains, accounting for about 72% of the total area of the study area. Among them, forest land was the dominant landscape type, followed by high-coverage grassland and moderate-coverage grassland, and other woodland and low-coverage grassland areas were relatively few. (2) The total woodland and grassland area of Qinling Mountains during 1980-2015 was decreased by 309.44 km². The grassland is dominated by the total area of woodland and grassland changes. Look at it from the aspect of spatial change, The woodland and grassland areas were mainly lost in the surrounding areas centered of Xi'an, woodland and grassland were mainly transformed to construction land and cultivated land. (3) The degree of fragmentation of woodland and grassland increased gradually, the landscape connectivity decreased, the landscape heterogeneity increased, and the landscape shape was more complicated. The grassland changed significantly compared with the woodland. Look at it from the aspect of spatial distribution, the spatial heterogeneity of woodland and grassland landscape pattern index was significant. and the national macro policy played an important guiding role in the change of landscape pattern. (4) Human activity interference was the main driving factors for the landscape pattern change of woodland and grassland in Qinling Mountains, followed by climatic factors. The national macro policy played an important guiding role in the change of landscape pattern. Mitigating the excessive impact of human activity on the Qinling Mountains and maintaining the balance and integrity of woodland and grassland are the key to realizing the scientific management of the ecosystem and the sustainable use of resources in Qinling Mountains.