In order to understand the distribution patterns of nematode trapping fungi (NTF) and driving factors of different scale of slope, systematic sampling was conducted to collect NTF from the eastern and western slopes including the northern and southern sides, respectively, in Cangshan Mountain. A total of 300 soil samples were collected using the 5-point sampling method. NTF were processed using traditional isolation and purification protocols, followed by morphological and molecular identification. According to the new classification system, a total of 57 purified NTF strains could be assigned to 3 genera and 12 species. The results show that both occurrence rate and Shannon-Wiener index on the western slope are larger than those on the eastern slope, while, those on the southern sides are larger than those on the northern sides, respectively. In addition, the heterogeneity of the NTF community structure between the western and eastern slopes is smaller than those on the southern and northern sides, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum community structure heterogeneity appears between the southern and northern sides of the western slope, while the community structure heterogeneity between the southern sides of the western and eastern slopes also show a large difference. However, the most similar community structure occurs between the northern sides of the western and eastern slopes. Genus Arthrobotrys, which produces adhesive networks, and genus Dactylellina, which produces stalked adhesive knobs and adhesive branches, occur on both the northern and southern sides of the western and eastern slopes; whereas, genus Drechslerella, which produces constricting rings, appears only on the western slope. Referring to the distribution patterns of NTF, first, different exposures may be one of the driving factors and heterogeneity in community structure may vary with different exposure scales. Second, the community structure heterogeneity between the southern and northern sides are larger than that of the western and eastern slopes suggesting that smaller scale geographical barriers have more effects on NTF distribution than do the larger scale environmental filters. Finally, the environmental filter and dispersal barrier may drive the community construction processes of NTF.