In this study, we investigated the effects of seven types of cultivation soil on leaf growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Ligustrum robustum (kuding tea) seedlings, aiming to provide scientific advices for cultivation and management of the species for cultivation and management of the species. We measured leaf length, width, area, spongy tissue thickness, palisade tissue thickness, layer of palisade tissue, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic parameters of the seedlings grown in different soil types. The results showed that cultivation in limestone soil increased the length and area of the leaves by 34%-57% and 43%-68%, respectively, when compared with the other six soil types. In addition, leaf thickness, spongy tissue, and palisade tissue were significantly higher, and total chlorophyll content was 9%-33% higher in the limestone soil than in the other six soil types. The soil types did not affect the diurnal variation in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and vapor pressure deficit (Vpdl). The daily average of Pn and Tr values in the seven soil types in descending order were as follows:limestone > quartz sandstone > basalt > feldspathic quartz sandstone > quaternary red clay > blastopsammite > coal sand shale. The daily average of Pn value was 13%-45% higher in limestone soil than in the other six soil types. Pn, Gs, and Tr were positively correlated, but they were negatively correlated with Vpdl. The maximum net photosynthetic rate, light saturation (LSP), light compensation (LCP), dark respiration rate, and apparent quantum yield were observed in limestone soil. LSP and LCP were significantly lower in coal sand shale soil (40% and 46%, respectively) than in the limestone soil. In summary, limestone soil is most beneficial for the growth and development of leaves. It can promote the production of chlorophyll and thus enhance the absorption and utilization of light energy and improve leaf growth and photosynthetic capacity. The second appropriate soil type is basalt. In contrast, coal sand shale soil is most unfavorable for the growth and development of leaves and photosynthesis. Therefore, limestone soil should be used for the large-scale plantation of L. robustum and improvement of the yield and quality of kuding tea.