The karst region is ecologically fragile and is highly prone to soil erosion. Affected by the spatial heterogeneity of surface elements, previous researches can not fully reflect the characteristics of soil erosion resistance of different vegetation types in karst area. Through field investigation, we obtained the basic conditions of the vegetation community types and their composition. And the S-shaped layout method is used for field sampling. The soil anti-erodibility indices were obtained by the alcohol baking method, ring knife method and other methods, including soil water content, soil bulk density, soil organic matter, soil aggregates, soil microaggregates, soil mechanical composition and soil erosion resistance index. Results indicated that soil anti-erodibility indices other than organic matter content reflected the same variation law in 0-10cm soil layer and 10-20cm soil layer, they were consistent with the soil erosion resistance index. In the soil depth of 0-10cm, the soil anti-erodibility characterized by soil erosion resistance index follows the order:broad-leaved forest > bushwood > coniferous forest. In 10-20cm soil layer, the soil anti-erodibility is ranked in order of bushwood > coniferous forest > broad-leaved forest. The indicators that can significantly characterize soil anti-erodibility in 10-20cm are:organic matter content, water-stable agglomerate, structural failure rate, agglomeration condition, and agglomeration degree. While in 10-20cm soil layer, they are organic matter content, dry sieve agglomerate, agglomeration degree, and water-stable agglomerate. By comprehensive analysis of the two soil layers, organic matter content, water-stable agglomerates, and agglomeration degree can better characterize the anti-erodibility of soil in karst forest land. For the purpose of controlling soil erosion, broad-leaved tree species instead of conifer species should be considered in the karst area.