Ordos is a fragile eco-environment area. While developing large-scale energy resources, ecological environment protection has also been continuously strengthened. Evaluating the value of Ordos ecological assets is the key to understanding the ecological value of Ordos.This study constructed a theoretical framework and evaluation method index system for the evaluation of ecological assets and ecosystem production values. Based on the ecosystem pattern and quality data in Ordos, we assessed the ecological assets and the total ecosystem production value of Ordos in this study.The assessment results showed that:(1) In 2015, the quality of the ecosystem in Ordos mainly consisted ofpoor, low, and medium-quality ecosystems, accounting for 50.74%, 31.78%, and 6.17%, respectively, and the sum of the areas of poor, low, and middle-level ecosystems accounted for 88.69%.(2) In 2015, Ordos's ecological asset index was 1998.19, of which the highest ecological index was the Etuokeqi, the ecological asset index was 392.26, accounting for 19.63%, followed by Hangjinqi, for which the ecological asset index was 307.48, accounting for 15.39%. From 2010 to 2015, Ordos's ecological asset indexes showed an overall upward trend. Among them, the most dramatic increase was in the Etuokeqianqi, where the ecological asset index increased by 92.72, accounting for 19.38%, followed by Wushenqi, for which the ecological asset index increased by 91.04, accounting for 19.03%.(3) In 2015, the Ordos's gross ecosystem product (GEP) value was 248.171 billion yuan, GEP was approximately 58.72% of the 2015 GDP, the Ordos City's GEP per unit area was 3 millionyuan/km², and the per capita GEP was 121400. yuan per person. From 2010 to 2015, the total ecosystem output of Ordos increased from 197.550 billion yuan to 248.171 billion yuan, and the proportion of increase in the GEP value relative to 2010 was 25.62%. The value of GEP increased significantly.(4) During the period from 2010 to 2015, the main reason for the change in ecosystem quality in Ordos City was GDP growth (P < 0.05). The results show that the sustainable economic development reduced the local population's dependence on grassland and forest economy. The main drivers of the increase in the ecological asset index in Ordos were the increase in precipitation (P < 0.001), the decrease in population density (P < 0.01), and the increase in GDP (P < 0.01).The main drivers of the change in the total production value of ecosystems in Ordos, included urban expansion, farmland reclamation, returning farmland to forests, grasses, wetlands, ecological restoration, mining, and ecological degradation.This study proposed ecological protection recommendations and countermeasures based on the problems faced by Ordos's ecosystem quality, ecological assets, and gross ecosystem product value.