A complex interaction exists between urbanization and the regional eco-environment. Analyzing the interactive coupling relationship can objectively reflect the degree of coordinated development between systems and provide a scientific basis for the development of regional urbanization. This study first reviewed and expanded the ecological footprint model and established a comprehensive index system to calculate the level of urbanization. Furthermore, based on the temporal dynamics analysis of various indicators in Kunming from 2000 to 2015, the driving factors of ecological footprint model temporal changes were explored, an interactive coupling model between urbanization and ecological environment was constructed, and the degree of coordination was calculated. The results show that:(1) exacerbating changes in land-use flow, increase in proportion of construction land, economic growth, and social progress reflected increased urbanization levels over time; (2) an increase in residents' natural resource consumption and pollution emissions contributed considerably to the growth of the ecological footprint per capita year by year; in the early period, the decrease in per capita ecological carrying capacity was obvious, and with increasing emphasis on ecological civilization, the pressure on resources has been alleviated; (3) the ecological deficit and depth of ecological footprint decreased in recent years, whereas the size of the ecological footprint remained stable with increased efficiency of resource utilization, which was mainly owing to high-quality urbanization development at the social level and adjustment of industrial structure; (4) the interactive coupling level and coordination degree between the ecological footprint and urbanization in Kunming showed a steady increase, having transitioned to the coordination stage in 2015; the interactive coupling level and coordination degree between the ecological carrying capacity and urbanization both increased with fluctuations, indicating that the negative effects of urbanization have gradually accumulated and finally manifested. In general, during the process of urbanization in Kunming, it is necessary to pursue higher-quality urbanization development and control the scale of urban expansion.