As one of the important means to optimize management of Caragana intermedia forest in the desert steppe, moving is of great significance to further explore recovery of soil moisture and its influence on physiological characteristics during the renew stage. By comparative experiments, the temporal and spatial distribution of soil moisture and its cyclical variation of Caragana intermedia were studied in different moving years. The effects of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency on photosynthesis physiological characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) During the growing season, the maintenance of PC1a-PC5a was higher than that of WPC. Compared to soil moisture of Caragana intermedia in different mowing years, PC3a increased rapidly and PC4a had the optimal moisture condition. The soil moisture of PC5a gradually subsided to the soil moisture of WPC. In the vertical section of the soil, the soil moisture in the deep layer was effectively improved with the soil moisture in the active area of PC1a-PC4a roots increase in different mowing years. However, the soil moisture began to fall back in PC5a. (2) Intensity changes of soil moisture in different mowing years was PC4a > PC5a > WPC > PC2a > PC3a > PC1a, and the moving measures have little effect on the deep soil moisture in the non-root activity area. The effect in 0-180cm soil depth was significant, while the soil moisture cyclical variation and the vibration intensity changed very obviously in PC4a and PC5a. (3) The soil moisture in the early stage of moving (PC1a-PC2a) did not increase rapidly. At this stage, the photosynthesis of Caragana intermedia was affected by its own traits more than the soil moisture. The effect of soil moisture on photosynthesis in the mid-moving period (PC3a-PC4a) was greater than the compensatory growth of Caragana intermedia. In the late stage of moving (PC5a), the photosynthesis of moving Caragana intermedia decreased and the traits hardly changed. The soil moisture status also began to approach WPC. Therefore, PC5a can be used as the best time of forage resources utilization for the scientific and effective management of Caragana intermedia forest in the stage of renew of desert steppe.