Since the end of the 20th century, frequent outbreaks of jellyfish in eastern Asian waters have affected normal fishery production, and negatively impacted marine ecosystem health. This experiment simulated autumn cooling conditions, and analyzed the effect of different temperatures(four cooling conditions) and food supply(0.42, 1.25, and 4.2 μg C polyp^-1 d^-1) on podocyst reproduction and strobilation of Nemopilema nomurai polyps. The results showed that:1, the cooling speed of autumn lead to differences of accumulated temperature, which had an extremely significant effect on the number of podocysts produced by N. nomurai polyps(P < 0.001), the greater the accumulated temperature, the more podocysts were produced. They have a good linear relationship(y=142.59x+208.39; R²=0.967). Less podocysts germinated under low accumulated temperature; 2, there was a threshold range in the effect of food supply on the asexual reproduction of N. nomurai polyps, within a certain food supply, the number of podocysts produced by N. nomurai polyps increased with increasing food supply, but excess food supply may have a negative impact on the polyps above this threshold. 3, the newly breeding N. nomurai polyps in autumn can occur strobilation before wintering, but it is tiny that the proportion of the polyps occurring strobilation and the number of ephyra released from the polyps. The results of this experiment suggested that under the background of global climate change, the increase in accumulated temperature and food supply could result in the production of more podocysts before overwintering by N. nomurai polyps of the same generation originated from sexual propagation in autumn, which could potentially trigger the jellyfish outbreaks the following year.