Global climate change has altered the physiological status of plants in terrestrial ecosystems, causing significant changes in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) metabolisms in plants. The objective was to investigate the responses of N and P metabolisms in a typical subtropical tree, Cunninghamia lanceolata, to simulated warming and drought. The experiment was completely randomized and fully crossed factorial design with five replicates. The treatments were control (CK), soil warming (+5℃, W), precipitation exclusion (-50%, Pe), and interactions of warming and precipitation exclusion (WP). Leaves at difference ages, including senesced-leaf, were collected to determine ecological stoichiometric characteristics and nutrients resorption efficiency. The W and Pe had no effects on N concentration and C/N ratio in the senesced-leaves. However, the Pe increased P concentration by 23.32% but reduced C/P ratio by 18.57% in the senesced-leaves (P < 0.05). In the biennial leaves, N concentration in W and WP treatments were different (P < 0.05) from the control. The N concentration in the three-and four-year-old leaves in the Pe treatment increased by 18.15% and 25.33%, respectively (P < 0.01) when compared to that of the control. No difference was found in N resorption efficiency (NRE) between the treatments and years. However, P resorption efficiency (PRE) decreased with increasing leaf age in all treatments, except for the Pe. The treatment of W, Pe, and WP improved the fitting relationship between N concentration and NRE, and it was significant in the W and WP treatments (P < 0.05). However, the fitting relationship between P concentration and PRE was lower in the W, Pe, and WP treatments (P < 0.05) than in the control with highest negative effect found in the Pe treatment. In subtropical regions, the growth of C. lanceolata is significantly limited by P. Soil temperature and water content are both important factors regulating P metabolism in leaves, while leaf N is more sensitive to changes in soil water and water deficits can increase its concentration, especially affecting mature leaves.