Guagnxi boastes the forefront of national forest area and coverage, and takes a vital role in the national and regional carbon balance. Accurate assessment of vegetation carbon storage, spatial-temporal patterns, and the influencing factors in Guangxi has been of greatest significance for carbon cycling and carbon sequestration research in China. The objective of this study was to understand the spatial distribution of vegetation carbon storage and its influencing factors in the main forest ecosystems in Guangxi. A total of 345 sample plots were established and the size of each plot was 50 m×20 m. Based on forest resource inventory data and field investigations, vegetation carbon storage in the main forests in Guangxi was estimated, and the composition and distribution of carbon storage in various forest types for various stand ages and forest layers were assessed. Geostatistics were applied to analyze the spatial patterns of vegetation carbon storage and the effects of the main influencing factors on vegetation carbon storage were also explored using a principal component analysis and stepwise regression. The results showed that the total vegetation carbon storage was 746.06 Tg(1 Tg=10¹² g), and the vegetation carbon density was up to 55.37 t/hm². Pine, Chinesefir, eucalyptus, oak, hard broadleaves, soft broadleaves, forests in limestone areas, bamboo, anise, and oil-tea forests accounted for 26.83%, 12.28%, 6.67%, 3.03%, 20.37%, 16.32%, 10.84%, 0.88%, 1.38%, and 1.39% of the total vegetation carbon storage in Guangxi, respectively. The average vegetation carbon density of 10 major forest types ranged from 20.77 to 108.28 t/hm², with an order of hard broadleaves > soft broadleaves > pine > Chinesefir > oak > forests in limestone areas > eucalyptus > anise > bamboo > oil-tea. The average vegetation carbon density of forest types in Guangxi ranged from 7.05 to 219.73 t/hm². The north, southwest, and east of Guangxi had high carbon storage and the middle part and southeast had low carbon storage. The total carbon storage were dominated by the arbor layer and increased gradually with an increase in stand age. The main factors that affected forest vegetation carbon storage in Guangxi were the average diameter at breast height, forest age, and stand density. The longitude, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, and organic carbon were the most critical factors affecting forest vegetation carbon storage.