In recent years, the imbalance and disorder of supply and demand of ecosystem services is causing a series of problems in the ecological environment, such as the intensifying urban heat island effect and environmental pollution, loss of ecological land, and the aggravation of ecological risk and so on, and becoming important factors threatening eco-security and restricting the sustainable development of social economy. So, maintaining the balance between supply and demand of the ecosystem services and constructing a healthy eco-security pattern are the guarantee and key to the healthy development of eco-security. In this study, we reviewed the research status of ecosystem service evaluation and eco-security pattern construction, analyzed the existing deficiencies, established the basic framework for an eco-security model for urban agglomeration based on ecosystem services, and then proposed the future research focus of ecological security pattern, which included the multi-scale comprehensive assessment of urban agglomeration area and urban internal ecosystem services, the division of urban functional areas and its stress on eco-security, the interconnection of ecological processes, ecosystem services and ecological security, the construction, simulation and optimization of ecological security pattern based on ecosystem service flow. By coupling socio-economic data, satellite remote sensing data sets, and big data from urban online maps, the ecosystem services at different scales of inner city and outer city would be evaluated, the smooth transmission of ecosystem services of urban agglomeration would be guaranteed, and ultimately the assessment and optimization of the ecological security pattern of urban agglomeration would be realized.