Storage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in ecosystems is the result of long-term accumulation in vegetation and the soil stratum. In this study, a spatial series analysis was performed, that represented a temporal series to accurately estimate the total C and N reserves of the eastern Hobq Desert ecosystems. Fixed sand was selected for the standard plots to identify the C and N storage and distribution patterns at different restoration stages and in various vegetation and plant organs. The aim of the study was to clarify the effects of vegetation restoration and the reversion process of desertification on the C and N storage in a mobile dune, semi-fixed sand, Artemisia ordosica fixed sand, Caragana korshinskii fixed sand, and in Salix cheilophila. The results revealed that the change trends for the total C and N storage in the desert ecosystems at different restoration stages were the same:mobile dune (3320.97 kg C/hm² and 346.69 kg N/hm²) < semi-fixed sand (4371.46 kg C/hm² and 435.95 kg N/hm²) < Artemisia ordosica fixed sand (6096.50 kg C/hm² and 513.76 kg N/hm²) < Caragana korshinskii fixed sand (9556.80 kg C/hm² and 926.31 kg N/hm²) < Salix cheilophila fixed sand (19488.54 kg C/hm² and 982.11 kg N/hm²). Except for the mobile dune, the plant C and N stores at the other sites were mainly distributed in the shrub layer. At these sites, the C and N reserve in shrubs accounted for 66.65%-91.41% and 52.94%-93.39% of the plant layer, respectively. However, the C and N reserve of the herbaceous plants and litter only accounted for a small proportion of the plant layer. Additionally, different organs in the plants had different C and N storage characteristics; the biomass and C reserve of the shrubs both showed the following, stem > root > leaf. The distribution of N storage in the different organs of the shrubs was not significant. The above-ground biomass and the C and N storage of the herbaceous pants were greater than the underground biomass. Like other ecosystems, the main components of a desert ecosystem are the C and N storage in the soil layer, which accounted for 68.64%-99.62% and 89.26%-99.89% of the desert ecosystem, respectively. When the sand was gradually fixed and vegetation cover rate increased, the C and N storage in the soil layer increased. Different soil depths had different C and N storage characteristics; the C and N storage of the shallow soil was greater than that of the deep soil. This revealed an obvious enrichment phenomenon in the surface soil. Additionally, with the reversion of the process of desertification, the enrichment became more and more remarkable. In conclusion, with the succession of vegetation and soil development, the reversion of desertification could promote the absorption and fixation of C and N in desert ecosystems.