冻融环境下凋落叶添加对亚高山森林土壤腐殖化程度的影响
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四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川农业大学生态林业研究所

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国家重点专项研发计划课题(2017YFC0505003);国家自然科学基金项目(31670526,31622018);霍英东青年教师基金(161101)项目


Effects of litter addition on soil humification during freeze-thaw cycles in a subalpine forest
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Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Institute of Ecology and Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University

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    摘要:

    亚高山森林凋落叶与土壤腐殖化的关系是了解森林土壤有机质动态过程的关键内容,且受到季节性冻融、凋落叶与土壤性质的综合作用,但缺乏深入认识。因此,在对亚高山凋落叶腐殖化认识的前期基础上,以川西亚高山典型的针叶林、针阔混交林以及阔叶林土壤为研究对象,采用控制冻融环境和凋落叶添加的方法,通过分析土壤可提取腐殖质的色调系数(ΔlogK)、光密度值(E4/E6)以及A600/C值等光学指标,研究冻融循环与凋落叶添加对土壤腐殖化程度的影响。结果表明:冻融循环和凋落叶添加及其交互作用均明显影响土壤的腐殖化程度,但受到凋落叶类型和土壤类型的调控。在冻融循环初期,添加凋落叶能促进土壤的腐殖化进程,提高土壤的腐殖化程度;随着冻融循环次数的增加以及凋落叶的不断分解,阔叶凋落叶对土壤的腐殖化表现出促进作用,而针叶凋落叶则对土壤的腐殖化表现出抑制作用。此外,在冻融循环环境下,即使土壤的腐殖化程度增加,但腐殖质仍为相对年轻的Rp型,有利于提高土壤的肥力。这些结果表明,气候变化情景下高山森林地表冻融循环的改变将显著影响凋落叶与土壤腐殖质的密切关系,为进一步认识区域森林土壤有机质动态提供了一定的科学依据。

    Abstract:

    Humus is a complex polymer which decomposes and synthesizes animal and plant residues under the action of microorganisms and is the main component of soil organic matter. Litter nutrient input is one of the main sources of soil humus. However, in subalpine forests, frequent freeze-thaw cycles impact the process of soil humification and litter decomposition. The relationship between litter and soil humification in subalpine forests is fundamental to understand the dynamic process of forest soil organic matter, which is affected by seasonal freeze-thaw cycles, litter decomposition processes, and soil properties. However, there is limited information in this regard. Therefore, based on the pre-recognition of sub-alpine litter humification and seasonal freeze-thaw cycles, taking typical coniferous, coniferous-broadleaf, and broadleaf forest soil in the sub-alpine region of western Sichuan, we controlled the freeze-thaw environment and litter addition, and analyzed the tone coefficient (ΔlogK), optical density value (E4/E6), and A600/C value, which can accurately reflect the degree of soil humification by extractable humus color. The results showed that the freeze-thaw cycles, litter additions, and their interactions all significantly affected the soil humification, but were controlled by the characteristics of litter and soil types. In the early freeze-thaw environment, the addition of litter can promote soil humification processes and improve soil humification. With prolonged freeze-thaw cycles and the continuous decomposition of litter, the broad-leaf litter can promote soil humification, whereas needle litter inhibits soil humification. Moreover, in freeze-thaw environments, soil humus is still relatively young, even though soil humification is increased, which shows that freeze-thaw cycles can improve soil humus quality to a certain extent and help maintain soil fertility. These results show that changes in freeze-thaw cycles under climate change will significantly affect the relationship between litter and soil humus, which provide a scientific basis for better understanding soil organic matter dynamics in subalpine forests.

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卫芯宇,杨万勤,张丽,谭波,谌亚,董玉梁,吴福忠.冻融环境下凋落叶添加对亚高山森林土壤腐殖化程度的影响.生态学报,2018,38(18):6521~6529

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