The multiple cropping index is an important indicator of land utilization intensity, and the temporal-spatial dynamics can also help to understand the coupling effects of human activities and the ecological environment. In this study, MODIS(Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)remote sensing images in the Huang-Huai-Hai region from 2001 to 2015 were used as the source datasets. After a Savitzky-Golay filter was used to reconstruct the time series curve, the second-order difference method with threshold was used to extract the number of multiple cropping times, combined with the phenology of the study area. Finally, the spatial distribution map of the multiple cropping index was drawn using R language software. The result showed that: (1) the multiple cropping index of Henan Province was the highest (169.3%), followed by that of Shandong, and then Tianjin provinces; (2) during the study period, the inter-annual trends of the multiple cropping index showed a similar rising-decreasing-rising pattern in each province and city. From the spatial distribution characteristics, cultivation showed obvious regional differences. The two crops per year were mainly concentrated in the South. Owing to the terrain and latitude, the East and North showed mainly one crop per year. The results are valuable to identify land utilization intensity and human activities in the Huang-Huai-Hai cropland region. They also proved that this method could potentially be used at a greater scale.