Differences in soil mite communities among different vegetation restoration modes under rocky desertification control reflect the ecosystem restoration status and ecological effects of different rocky desertification control strategies. During January, April, August, and October 2014, a total of 1372 soil mites belonging to 3 orders, 55 families, and 89 genera were captured from three kinds of vegetation restoration habitats, Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum planispinum var. dingtanensis), honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), and Chinese prickly ash + honeysuckle, in an intense rocky desertification area in the Dingtan small watershed in Huajiang Karst canyon, Guizhou Province. The number of genera, number of individuals, individual density, diversity index, richness index, evenness index, similarity index, maturity index, and oribatid mite community structure analysis were used to characterize the differences among soil mite communities. The results showed that the mite genera of Chinese prickly ash forest were rich, the individual mite number and density in the honeysuckle forest were high, and the composition of families and genera were different among the three restoration modes. The genera numbers and individual numbers were different at each sampling time; in particular, the number of mite genera in Chinese prickly ash forests and the individual mite number and density in honeysuckle forests showed surface-aggregations. The community diversity showed seasonal differences. Predatory mites (Gamasina) were r-selected, whereas oribatid mites were mainly O and M-type. In conclusion, the bio-ecological groups of soil mites were different among different modes of vegetation restoration, and the soil ecosystem of the investigated area was still in the restoration process. Meanwhile, the dominant genera of soil mites and groups of typical biological and ecological characteristics could indicate the effect of ecological restoration in rocky desertification control.