To investigate the effect of stand age on soil physicochemical properties and C:N:P stoichiometry in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations, an age sequence of Cunninghamia lanceolata stands (4 years old, 20 years old, 24 years old, and 33 years old) were selected in the Xinkou Experimental Forestry Centre of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Sanming, Fujian. Soil water content, porosity, pH, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and soil C:N:P stoichiometry at soil depths of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm were measured during stand development. The results showed that the soil gravimetric water content, water field capacity, and capillary porosity were lowest at 20 years old, and then increased thereafter. There was a similar trend in changes of TN and TP, which had the lowest values in deep soil of the 24 year old stand. Stand age did not significantly affect TC, TK, or C:N. C:P and N:P were higher in the 24 year old mature stand; however, significant differences were only detected at soil depths of 20-60 cm. The majority of soil physicochemical variables showed significantly correlations with TC. Gravimetric water content and capillary porosity showed significant correlations with C:N, C:P, and N:P. TP correlated negatively with C:P and N:P, indicating a firm linkage between soil physical properties and nutrient cycling in Chinese fir plantations. The regulation of soil structure and nutrient balance may be influenced by soil organic matter. Humification in our study area was slow during the development of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations. The growth of the 24-year-old mature stand was limited by soil phosphorus. Therefore, P fertilization during the rapid growth period of Cunninghamia lanceolata may be important to sustain the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata and to improve nutrient cycling between plant and soil.