The habitat diversity is widely recognized to contribute to human wellbeing by ensuring ecosystem functionality and resilience. However, over the past several years, human activities, especially urban expansion, changed the spatial pattern and ecological function of habitats, thus affecting the regional ecological security and human wellbeing. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, as one of the important cores of China's economic development, has undergone rapid urbanization and intensive land-use change, exerting enormous external pressure on the regional habitat quality. Therefore, the assessment of habitat quality plays an important role in urban ecological security for the region. First, this study evaluated the loss of habitat area based on land use data from 2005 and 2015. Then, the research assessed the spatial-temporal changes in habitat quality based on the InVEST habitat quality model. Finally, we used landscape indexes to analyze the spatial-temporal changes in the landscape pattern of habitat patches. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) From 2005 to 2015, the habitat area decreased by 7134.2 km², accounting for 3.7% of that in 2005. The area of cropland, grass, and water decreased by 5081.0 km², 1695.1 km², and 421.6 km², accounting for 4.7%, 4.9%, and 7.2% of the corresponding habitat type, respectively. 2) From 2005 to 2015, habitat quality decreased from 0.88 to 0.83. The habitat quality of cropland decreased the most, followed by water. 3) The declining habitat quality is mainly located along the Beijing-Baoding-Shijiazhuang-Xingtai-Handan axis, which experienced fast economic development and urban expansion. 4) The habitat patches with high-quality habitat tended to be more fragmented, whereas the habitat patches with low-quality habitat tended to be more concentrated. In general, the fragmentation of the habitat patches increased. Rapid urban expansion in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region occupied a large number of habitats. On the one hand, it resulted in the reduction of habitat area. On the other hand, it also led to the decline of habitat quality and the fragmentation of habitat patches. These adverse effects had a negative impact on biodiversity conservation and urban ecological security. Future regional development plans should take the maintenance of habitat quality into consideration.