We evaluated the effects of different litter treatments on soil respiration under the influence of nitrogen deposition in a camphor plantation forest in Hunan Botanical Garden, China.We used four different levels of nitrogen, including CK (0 kg N hm^-2 a^-1), LN (50 kg N hm^-2 a^-1), NM (150 kg N hm^-2 a^-1), and HN (300 kg N hm^-2 a^-1), and three litter treatments, including litter removal, doubled litter, and litter control group (no litter treatment).After two years of observation, the following major results were obtained:(1) Soil temperature showed significant seasonal changes, but no significant difference was observed in soil temperature with different litter treatments under simulated nitrogen deposition. However, soil moisture showed significant fluctuations. Soil moisture was affected only by litter management. A significant difference was observed in soil moisture with litter removal and doubled litter under different levels of nitrogen. (2) With different litter treatments under simulated nitrogen deposition, soil respiration showed significant seasonal changes; the maximum respiration rates were obtained from June to August and the minimum in January. During the growing season (April-August), a significant difference was observed in soil respiration with different treatments. (3) Soil respiration was inhibited by nitrogen applications; however,soil respiration was promoted by the addition of litter and inhibited by its removal. (4)Compared with CK, the soil respiration rates of LN-, MN-, and HN-treated soil significantly decreased by 35.4%, 30.6%, and 36.8% in the litter control group (P < 0.05); by 23.2%, 15.8%, and 14.7% in the doubled litter group; and by 3.5%, 0.5%, -11.6% in the litter removed group. The addition or removal of litter could weaken the inhibitory effect of nitrogen on soil respiration. Moreover, this effect increases with increasing nitrogen levels. (5)A significant correlation was found between soil respiration and soil temperature at a soil depth of 5 cm (P < 0.05). Soil temperature could explain a variation of 47.76%-72.61% in soil respiration, and no significant correlation was found between soil respiration and soil moisture (P > 0.05).