To explore the evolution of the slope vegetation in the gneiss region of the Taihang Mountains after reclamation, the vegetation on the hillslope and the physical and chemical properties of the hillslope soil after differing years of reclamation in the gneiss region of the Taihang Mountains were studied. The results showed that as the reclamation years passed, the vegetation coverage increased from 18.00% in the 2nd year to 92.67% in the 7th year, above-ground biomass increased from 67.52 g/m² in the 2nd year to 379.91 g/m² in the 7th year, and the plant species grown on the hillslope increased from 10 species in the 2nd year to 19 species in the 7th year. As the reclamation years passed, the physical and chemical properties of the hillslope soil were also improved, as follows:soil bulk density decreased from 1.40 g/cm³ in the 2nd year to 1.29 g/cm³ in the 7th year; soil organic matter content increased from 4.91 g/kg in the 2nd year to 7.18 g/kg in the 7th year; total soil porosity increased from 47.15% in the 2nd year to 51.6% in 6th year, and then decreased to 50.04% in the 7th year; soil total nitrogen content increased from 0.17 g/kg in the 2nd year to 0.61 g/kg in the 6th year, and then decreased to 0.50 g/kg in the 7th year; soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content increased from 16.10 mg/kg in the 2nd year to 62.18 mg/kg in the 6th year, and then decreased to 37.80 mg/kg in the 7th year; soil available potassium content increased from 26.58 mg/kg in the 2nd year to 57.40 mg/kg in the 6th year, and then decreased to 30.90 mg/kg in the 7th year. There were significant correlations among vegetation diversity on the hillslope and soil physical and chemical properties. As the reclamation years passed, the physical and chemical properties of the hillslope soil were improved, the soil available nutrients increased, soil water holding capacity was enhanced, vegetation coverage and plant species increased significantly, plant diversity improved steadily, and the ecological environment was effectively improved.