With the rapid development of world economy and the growth of global population pressure, human activities have been more and more strongly affecting the balance of ecosystem, which increased the vulnerability of environment and aggravated the environmental problems. By reviewing relevant literatures focusing on evaluation the vulnerability of regional eco-environment, it appears that ecological environment vulnerability is a relative concept, affected by multiple interfering factors, such as natural geography, ecosystem restoration ability, and human activities, and that it is the result of the combination of natural and human factors. The paper combined with the study on ecological environment vulnerability including its connotation and characterization and main content of evaluation, evaluation index selection and system construction, evaluation method and analysis model. The paper analyzed the development status in the field of evaluation study on ecological vulnerability, and the difference of index system and evaluation method among different regions of the world. It pointed out the existing problems in many aspects, such as innovation of theoretical methods, construction of evaluation index system and calculation model, quantitative analysis description of the natural factors and human factors evaluation, application of evaluation results. In this paper, the trend of eco-environmental vulnerability evaluation was analyzed based on the evaluation model construction, validity of data processing analysis, and application of evaluation results. To summarize, he research ideas need to be more comprehensive and systematic, the spatiotemporal dynamics have to be highlighted during data processing, the research methods should further highlight the interdisciplinary integration, and the results obtained from these studies need to be more practical and applicable.