This study investigated the effect of different land use types upon soil water content in the Loess Plateau region, China. The water of soil from different land-use types was examined from the depth of 0-300 cm at 20 cm intervals from June to November 2016. The temporal distribution characteristics of soil water content and seasonal variation of soil water storage capacity of six land-use types were analyzed. Those different land-use types included the growth of Robinia pseudoacacia L., Caragana korshinskii Kom., Populus simonii Carr., or Malus micromalus Makino, and grassland or abandoned land. The results showed that:(1) The soil water content increased at first, and then decreased with the depth of the soil.(2) The depth range of the active layer, the secondary active layer and the relatively stable layer of the soil in different land-use types was different.(3) The water storage capacity of each soil layer under the six land use types had obvious seasonal variation. The highest soil water storage capacity of the six land use types was 258.21 mm, which was M. micromalus Makino, followed by P. simonii Carr., abandoned land, grassland and R. pseudoacacia L. The soil water storage capacity of C. korshinskii Kom. was the lowest. During the monitoring period, soil water storage generally increased, and it reached the maximum in November. The coefficient of variation of soil water content gradually decreased with the depth of soil layer. At a depth of 100 cm, the coefficient of variation of soil water content was stable. The results showed that trees and shrubs consumed more deep soil water, and C. korshinskii Kom. may lead to soil desiccation. M. micromalus Makino had a fine soil water condition. The soil water condition of abandoned land and grassland is relatively stable.