Atmospheric precipitation is an important vehicle for nutrient input and nutrient return in forest ecosystems; it plays a significant role in nutrient biogeochemical cycling. In the present study, we investigated the amount of precipitation and nutrient ion concentrations of atmospheric precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, and surface runoff in a 13-year-old poplar plantation during the period of November 2013 to October 2014. The results showed that:The annual bulk precipitation from November 2013 to October 2014 was 1154.1 mm. The temporal fluctuations in precipitation amounts in throughfall and stemflow were similar to those with bulk precipitation. Only 2.3% of the annual bulk precipitation was partitioned into stemflow. After subtracting throughfall and stemflow, approximately 15.4% of the annual precipitation was intercepted by the forest canopy. The highest annual average pH value was in throughfall, followed by bulk precipitation and stemflow. The temporal fluctuations in different ion concentrations in bulk precipitation, throughfall, and stemflow were similar. The ion concentrations in different kinds of precipitation were higher during November to January, which had less bulk precipitation; whereas the ion concentrations were lower during February to September, which experienced greater bulk precipitation. The dominant ions were SO₄^2--S and Ca²⁺ in bulk precipitation, throughfall, and stemflow. The order of ion concentrations generally was stemflow > throughfall > bulk precipitation. The annual weighted average concentrations of SO₄^2--S, Ca²⁺, Cl^-, K⁺, and Mg²⁺ in throughfall were 1.9, 1.3, 1.4, 5.6, and 2.0 times that of the corresponding ions in bulk precipitation, respectively. However, the annual weighted average concentration of K⁺ in stemflow was 20 times that in bulk precipitation; the concentrations of the other nutrient ions in stemflow were 2-6 times that of those in bulk precipitation. The primary form of nutrient input was throughfall, and the majority of the nutrient ions input into the plantation ecosystem through throughfall were Ca²⁺ and K⁺ with 70.83 and 63.31 kg hm^-2 a^-1, respectively; and nutrient output during hydrological fluxes occurred mainly through surface runoff and deep percolation, the most nutrient ions, which were output of the plantation ecosystem, were Cl^- and Ca²⁺ with 196.47 and 123.09 kg hm^-2 a^-1, respectively, followed by SO₄^2--S, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺, whereas the NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N only accounted for < 1% of total nutrient ions that were output from the ecosystem. For the annual nutrient element fluxes, inorganic N (NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N) and K⁺ had a positive balance, and the other nutrient ions showed a negative balance. The net accumulations of inorganic N and K⁺ were 10.9 and 56.4 kg hm^-2 a^-1, respectively; the net losses of Cl^-, and Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, SO₄^2--S, and Na⁺ through surface runoff and deep percolation were 179.8 and < 50 kg hm^-2 a^-1, respectively.