Abstract:Exogenous sulfate (SO42-) resulting from human activity, can strongly influence the emission of methane (CH4) from wetland ecosystems. Previous studies have reported the suppression CH4 emissions of peatlands and paddies by cumulative SO42- deposition in simulated acid rain conditions. However, very few studies have presented data on the effect of the addition of SO42- on CH4 emissions in estuarine freshwater tidal wetlands. In this study, the effect of simulated deposition of SO42- on the CH4 emissions was examined by manipulating SO42- inputs to a Sagittaria trifolia-dominated freshwater tidal wetland in the Tajiaozhou area of the Min River estuary from December 2015 to October 2016. Monthly pulses of dissolved K2SO4 were applied over one year at doses of 60 and 120 kg S hm-2 a-1 (abbreviated as S-60 and S-120, respectively), and CH4 fluxes were measured at regular intervals using a static chamber/gas chromatographic method. On the annual scale, the average CH4 emissions from the control, S-60-and S-120-amended plots were 7.88±1.00, 6.55±0.97 and 6.66±1.49 mg h-1 m-2, respectively. Thus, the two addition treatments did not significantly decrease the CH4 emissions from S. trifolia-dominated freshwater tidal wetland, which is different from the effects of simulated SO42- deposition on the CH4 emissions from peatlands and paddies in other reports. The S-60 and S-120 treatments significantly increased the pore water SO42- concentrations at a depth of 10 cm in the S. trifolia wetland at an annual scale as well as in autumn and winter. CH4 emissions in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in winter and spring. CH4 emissions from the control, S-60-and S-120-amended plots demonstrated significant positive correlations with soil temperature. These results indicate that soil temperature is an important environmental factor affecting the temporal variation of CH4 emission from a subtropical estuarine freshwater tidal wetland.