In this study, the typical swamp meadow wetland in Napahai, a Wetland of International Importance, in Northwest Yunnan was selected as the research site. Nitrogen transformations in swamp meadow wetland soils under the influence of grazing disturbance were measured and analyzed using in situ column interior control experiment methods. The results showed that the soil bulk density and pH were increased, and the soil moisture content, total organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, and NH₄⁺-N content were decreased in surface soils with grazing disturbance. The mineralization and nitrification rates of swamp meadow wetland soils with the influence of grazing disturbance showed a significant decrease:pig arch > cattle-trampled > control. Both pig arch and cattle-trampled sites enhanced the mineralization and nitrification rates. Denitrification rates of swamp meadow wetland soils with the influence of grazing disturbance showed a significant decrease:pig arch > control > cattle-trampled (P < 0.05). Pig arch sites promoted N₂O release but cattle-trampled sites inhibited N₂O release. In contrast, both the mineralization and nitrification rates of swamp meadow wetland soils with the grazing disturbance had a significant positive correlation with soil bulk density and pH, and a significant negative correlation with soil moisture content, NH₄⁺-N content, TOC, and TN. Denitrification rate had a significant negative correlation with TOC.