Multiple clustering of plant populations and variation in cluster characteristics is the result of collaborative adaptation by plants to the environment. According to the distribution of soil salinity in micro-topography, the experimental set up was four 2 m×2 m sample plots. Each sample was divided into 400 cells, the number of plants was recorded, and soil samples were collected. Using the null model, the data were analyzed for aggregated spatial patterns and characteristics of the Suaeda corniculata population in the Qin wangchuan salt marsh in Lanzhou city. The results showed that:Suaeda corniculata populations showed a complex spatial pattern with two critical scales of clustering, small-scale clustering was assembled into composite large-scale clustering through superposition and aggregation, and populations showed the nested double-cluster process at all scales. As the soil salinity decreased, the size of large-scale clusters tended to increase and the size of small-scale clusters did not show obvious differences. The number of large-scale clusters decreased significantly, and the number of small-scale clusters tended to increase with the increase in size of the plant population in the whole study area. The average number of plants in one small-scale cluster gradually reduced, and the average number of small clusters in one large cluster showed a decreasing trend, which were related to gradually reduce of the soil salinity. Under the background of soil environmental heterogeneity in the inland saltmarsh wetland, the gradient of variation in clustering characteristics was the adjustment of plant individual form and composition. It was also the result of gradient transformation of the population ecology relationship, protection, and self-thinning effects.