Soil water plays an important role in plant growth, solute transport, and soil environment changes. It is a key scientific problem to reveal the infiltration process of soil water in the unsaturated zone. This study used a typical mining area as the study area to investigate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, soil bulk density, porosity, and particle size in the different depths of soil layer by conducting a dye tracer experiment. This study aimed to elucidate the infiltration process of soil water and distribution characteristics in the unsaturated zone. The results showed that, at the experimental infiltration water of 30, 60, and 90 L, the greatest diffusion distance are 10, 30, and 35 cm, respectively, along the X direction and 10, 25, and 30 cm, respectively, along the Y direction. Soil water infiltration showed obvious heterogeneity and spatial variability. With more amount of water, it infiltration deeper and diffusion wider, and this was noted in a declining trend. When suction was greater than 300 hpa, the content of soil particle size between 0.01 and 0.05 mm was negatively correlated with unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity decreased nonlinearly with increase in suction, suction and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity fitting with the exponential function (r² > 0.9), and regression analysis was performed for the parameters a, b, and soil bulk density (x) as follows:a=0.0015x² - 0.00499x + 0.0004, b=0.0583x² + 0.1234x - 0.0726. Under the same suction, bulk density of soil was greater, whereas unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was smaller. when the suction value is 300 hpa, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity reaches a peak value. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was negatively correlated with bulk density, whereas positively correlated with total porosity, and the correlation rate decreased with increasing suction.