建设用地减量化的苏锡常地区土地利用格局优化——基于白鹭生境网络优化视角
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南京农业大学土地管理学院,南京农业大学土地管理学院,南京农业大学土地管理学院

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国家自然科学基金项目(41571176);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2015SJD096);高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划,B17024);中央高校基本科研业务费人文社会科学研究基金配套项目(SKPT2015018)


Land-use pattern optimization under the scenario of construction land surface reduction in the Su-Xi-Chang region, from the perspective of Little Egret habitat network optimization
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College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University

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    摘要:

    建设用地减量化管理国家战略的本质就是土地利用格局优化,具有重要理论价值和实践意义。以建设用地减量化为背景、快速城市化苏锡常地区为研究区,采用目标物种白鹭生境网络优化为减量化依据的方法,旨在回答"建设用地怎么减?减哪里?减多少?依据是什么?"的土地利用格局优化问题。结果表明:1)白鹭核心生境斑块距离人为干扰源较远,需减量化的建设用地数量较少,但多数核心生境斑块面积小于平均值,破碎化现象较严重;白鹭迁移廊道受人为干扰严重,需减量化的建设用地数量为6542.1 hm2,占减量化总面积的99%以上;生态核心区经过耕地占补平衡后,城乡建设用地二次减量213.7 hm2、新增水田208.7 hm2;研究区建设用地减量化总面积6755.8 hm2。2)通过增加核心生境斑块面积、提高迁移廊道通达安全性,白鹭生境网络优化了。同时完成了建设用地总量减量化,实现了区域土地利用格局优化的目的。

    Abstract:

    Since 2015, the Chinese central government has implemented the new normal development strategy to reduce construction land use at a national level. This strategy aims to optimize the process of land-use. In previous studies, land-use pattern optimization focused on scenarios of increasing constructed land surface; however, scenarios of constructed land surface decrease are rare. In studies of the latter, the basic considerations include how and where it is possible to reduce construction land, the amount of construction land that should be reduced, and the theoretical base of this reduction. In order to answer such questions, in this study, an innovative approach, consisting of three main steps, has been designed from the perspective of targeting species habitat network optimization:(a) To improve the quality of core habitats, the buffer zone for each core habitat was simulated. Urban-rural construction land, as well as, dry land located within buffer zones, were converted into arbor forest. (b) To decrease human disturbance to migration corridors of targeted species, each corridor was set as a belt, with a width of 200 m. Either urban-rural construction land, or dry land located within corridor belts were converted into arbor forest. (c) To ensure that the converted dry land was balanced, the following two steps were designed:in step 1, core ecological zones over the study areas were identified using the method of ecological safety zoning. In step 2, urban-rural construction land located within core ecological zones were converted into paddy land for the compensation of dry land loss. This compensation could be implemented through rural residential land consolidation projects. In the Su-Xi-Chang region, the core of the Yangtze River Delta region and the Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) were chosen as study area and targeted species, respectively. The results show that (a) only a small amount of urban-rural construction land was located within core habitats of the little egret. Most core habitat sizes were smaller than the average size that would indicate core habitats have been fragmented seriously. The amount of reduction in urban-rural construction land surface in migration corridors is of 6542.1 ha. It represents over 99% of the total reduction amount, which indicates that migration corridors have been seriously affected by human disturbance. The amounts of urban-rural construction land surface reduction and land surface converted into paddy land in core ecological zones were of 213.7 ha and 208.7 ha, respectively. The total amount of construction land surface reduced in the study area was of 6755.8 ha. (b) By applying the designed approach, sizes of core habitats, as well as the safety of migrating corridors for targeted species, have been increased, which indicates that the goal of habitat network optimization has been reached. Meanwhile, the total amount of construction land has been reduced, which also indicates that the goal of regional land-use pattern optimization has been reached.

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吴未,陈明,欧名豪.建设用地减量化的苏锡常地区土地利用格局优化——基于白鹭生境网络优化视角.生态学报,2018,38(14):5141~5148

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