This paper uses sample collection and position observation to survey and study changes of environmental elements in the aspect of 2010-2014 subterranean stage, vegetation, and narrow-scope climate of water-surface formation area for sake of making a quantitative assessment towards the effects of the regional ecological environment supplied water manually from Qingtu Lake off Shiyang River. In addition, the paper also analyzes the situation of water surface, depth of ground water at different time intervals, landscape structure of vegetation, species composition of vegetation community, and changes of quantity, air temperature, moisture, and wind speed. Some ecological factors were explored to respond to water surface formation. The findings show that (1) water surface becomes fast due to different delivery patterns and the duration of water delivery. Regional reserved water area increases to 6 months after each delivery, 4a water area increases by 4.52 times, the superimposed effect of area enlargement were apparent. (2) Water surface area increase and water delivery enlarges the regional ground water from 0.6 to 3.2m. The coefficient of association of reserved water area and ground water depth is 0.909. (3) The structure of original typical desert vegetation changed significantly after water body formation. Water body changes the regional plant community from a simple desert vegetation type before the water delivery, primarily dominated by Nitraria tangutorum Bobr, into reed meadows and salinized meadows around water surface. (4) Because of the formation of a water body and regional vegetation, a cold-island effect was evident during the present study, which improved the regional climate. The mean temperature 500m around water body decreased by 55.67%, and the humidity tripled. The influence of the water surface formation on wind speed was evident, which strengthened the surface erosion of the water surface. Artificial water delivery greatly improved the regional ecological environment of Qingtu Lake; however, due to the uncertainty of water delivery policy and its adjustment strategy, the relevant negative effects of blown sand and regional diversity of species should be addressed in future research.