The niche change of bird population affected by the temporal and spatial pattern of birds, is the theoretical basis of understanding the mechanism of birds environmental adaptation. The aim of this study is to investigate the niche breadth and overlap of five dominant bird species in wetland within the inland basin of northwest China,especially the diverse temporal changes in niche breadth and overlap as well as their formation mechanisms.The study, which was conducted in Zhangye National Wetland Park, Gansu Province, China,took place over three periods from November 1, 2013 to May 30, 2015. In this study, two sample lines were fixedaccording to the surface features of the Wetland Park Conservation Area. The transect lines, each approximately 1.5 km long, ran through the whole conservation area. Surveys of bird richness and abundance were performed every 3 to7 days along the transect lines, which were 3 to 5 days during the bird migration season and 5 to 7 days in the winter. These quantity surveys were carried out every month along the transect lines. During the surveys, the species, numbers, and behavioral habits of birds were recorded on both sides of the sample line, the walking speed of investigator was 1.5 km per hour.Those were tried to understand that the temporal diversity of bird niche breadth and overlap, and the patterns of variation and formative reasons for the niche breadth and overlap. The results were shown that the niche breadth of fives dominant species increased firstly and then decreased with the month replaced in Zhangye National Wetland Park.The highest values appeared in January, which were 1.601, 1.415, 1.627, and 1.771 for Tadornaferruginea, Anasplatyrhynchos, Passer montanus, and Fulicaatra, respectively. The highest value for Ardea alba in appeared in March was 0.556, The niche overlap of the five dominant species differed by month, with the maximum values in March and November, and minimum values in January and February. The niche breadth and overlap of dominant bird populations were shownthe relationship on time scales that one waned with the other waxed.