Unreasonable use of biological resources by humans and climate change have negative impacts on biodiversity at a global scale. As a consequence of the rapid population growth, with its associated further demands, along the east coast of China in recent years, biodiversity protection is facing enormous challenges, which have huge impacts on the sustainable development of the regional economy and ecological environment. Coastal wetlands, with their highest biodiversity, are among the most important ecosystems. Human activities are major contributors to biodiversity loss and degradation of biological community structure. Wetland development and reclamation and its dynamics have an important impact on species habitat, population distribution, and biodiversity. Many researchers have attributed biodiversity loss in coastal wetlands to long-term human interference and widespread changes in land use and cover. However, recent studies have shown that human activities may improve the level of biodiversity in selected study regions across China. It is necessary to investigate current regional costal wetland status and its response to human activities, which will promote a better understanding of their accumulated consequences. On the basis of the biodiversity status in Bohai region costal wetland, we used an index of habitat quality and species richness as evaluation factors to calculate an index of biodiversity, and to analyze the hotspots or cold spots of biodiversity change via the method of spatial correlation. The results obtained were as follows. (1) The dominant ecosystem type in Bohai region costal wetland is reservoir and water pits, followed by grass swamp. There was almost no change in the total area of wetland ecosystem. However, internal change occurred in the form of transformation between reservoir and grass swamp from 2000 to 2010. (2) High biodiversity areas are mainly distributed in central Liaodong Bay, southeast of Bohai Bay, and northwest of Laizhou Bay. Because of the increasing rate of urbanization, and the growing interference of human activities in recent years, biodiversity in the Bohai region costal wetland is facing gradual deterioration, which has huge impacts on sustainable development of the regional economy and ecological environment. (3) The hotspots of biodiversity change are mainly distributed in the southeast of Bohai Bay and northwest of Laizhou Bay. The cold spots of biodiversity change are mainly concentrated in the north-central region of Bohai Bay. A trend of improvement in biodiversity was found in the southeast of Bohai Bay and northwest of Laizhou Bay, indicating that efficient ecosystem transformation together with establishment of wetland reserves could yield a win-win result.