In recent years, the relationship between ecosystem changes and human well-being has become a hot topic in ecological research. In the present study, we calculated the ecosystem services value of Tonglu County using agricultural production and land utilization data and a revised version of Xie Gaodi's ecosystem services value equivalent table. We also used the human development index (HDI) as a measure of human well-being and analyzed the correlation between Tonglu's ecosystem services value and the HDI to determine the effect of ecosystem services on human well-being. We found that the ecosystem services value declined by an average of 0.157% from 2005 to 2008 and by an average of 0.0948% from 2009 to 2014 and that the rate of reduction decreased yearly from 2005 to 2014. In contrast, the HDI increased from 2005 to 2014, and its growth rate reached a maximum of 3.15% and minimum of 0.64% in 2006 and 2013, respectively. In the three dimensions of education, life expectancy and economy, economy exhibited more rapid growth and a more obvious development momentum. However, the overall growth rate of the HDI of Tonglu County gradually decreased from 2005 to 2014, which indicated the rapid development of Tonglu's economy and society. Accordingly, the economic indicators that constituted the HDI had increased significantly, thereby contributing to the annual growth of HDI. However, with Tonglu's increasing land use, the land resources available for farming and construction became more scarce, and it became increasingly difficult to protect and develop arable land, which will further reduce the ecosystem services value. From 2005 to 2008, in the case of controlling the economic index, there was a significant positive correlation between the indices of ecosystem services and those of education. More specifically, the ecosystem services value and growth rate of HDI decreased simultaneously. Therefore, we also concluded that high-development economic elements alleviate the negative impact of ecosystem services value reduction on human well-being and that the negative influence of ecosystem services on human well-being is not immediate. Furthermore, under certain social and economic conditions, there will be a positive interaction between the ecosystem services value and education. In conclusion, human well-being will suffer as ecosystem services decrease.