The project will combine the scientific and technological needs of ecological civilization institution construction and frontiers in international ecological research. Through ecological assessment, social survey, policy analysis and systematic simulation, the following research on theories, methods and technologies and their application would be conducted:ecological asset accounting, gross ecosystem product and ecological benefit accounting; the ecological benefit accounting of ecological conservation and construction programs; achievement assessment of national and local ecological compensation policies; model and standard of ecological compensation; financing mechanism and policies of ecological compensation; contribution of scientific and technological innovation to ecological civilization. Finally, the accounting theories, methods and technological systems of ecological asset and ecological benefit, ecological compensation, contribution rate of science and technology to ecological civilization will be established, which will also provide scientific and technological supports for national institution construction of ecological civilization in China.