The Eastern Pamir Plateau is a region with highly abundant biodiversity in Xinjiang, China, where the distribution of Tetraogallus himalayensis (T.himalayensis)and Tetraogallus tibetanus(T.tibetanus) are found. In this study, the mtDNA D-loop gene sequences of the study organism, T. himalayensis, were sequenced and analyzed, Both haplotype networks and a phylogenetic tree based on the neighbor-joining and Maximum Likelihood methods were constructed to analyze genetic diversity and phylogenetic status of the species' Eastern Pamir Plateau population. The results indicated that A and T bases were rich in the mtDNA D-loop sequences at 59.8%. There were 64 mutation sites, accounting for 5.5% of all nucleotides, of which 29 were singleton variable sites, 33 were parsimony informative sites, and 2 were insertion/deletion sites. There were many more transitions than transversions. The average haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.92 + 0.0001, the average nucleotide diversity (PI) was 0.00958, and the average nucleotide diversity (K) was 11.067.Overall, the nucleotide diversity of T. himalayensis in the Eastern Pamir Plateau was low. while haplotype diversity was high-demonstrating rich genetic diversity in the species. Through phylogenetic analysis, this study equally found that T.himalayensis and T. tibetanus are divided in two major clusters. T. himalayensis shows the greatest genetic differentiation, with 2 obvious evolutionary branches. Additionally, Snowcock (Tetraogallus spp.) exhibit a distinct geographical distribution, with 84% of T. himalayensis haplotypes in the Eastern Pamir Plateau being in unique evolutionary branches. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Tashkorgan Wild Animal Nature Reserve be expanded, and upgraded to the level of National Nature Reserve, in recognition of the ecological significance of the region and to support the protection and restoration of suitable Tetraogallus spp. habitat in the Eastern Pamirs.