基于步行指数的深圳市福田区公园绿地社会服务功能研究
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国家自然科学基金项目(41330747)


Walk score method-based evaluation of social service function of urban park green lands in Futian district, Shenzhen, China
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    摘要:

    城市公园绿地是当代城市的重要组成部分,居民能否方便地享用公园绿地所提供的各项服务与功能,是衡量一个城市人地关系和谐状况、现代化发展水平和居民生活质量的重要指标,也是城市公园绿地社会服务功能的体现。选取深圳市福田区为研究对象,计算单点绿地步行指数,衡量均质区域的公园绿地步行可达性;基于土地利用类型法实现人口数据空间化;基于面域绿地步行指数耦合绿地空间分布与人口格局,评估深圳市福田区居民通过步行方式到达城市公园绿地的便利程度,即城市公园绿地的社会服务功能水平。结果表明:深圳市福田区在区域均质假设下,公园绿地步行可达性整体较好,区域差异较大,呈现出东优西劣的趋势,梅林公园周边、莲花山公园南部、荔枝公园周边及皇岗公园周边是四个公园绿地步行可达性最好的区域,福田区西北部和西南部公园绿地步行可达性差;供需平衡视角下,70%街道的居民可以便捷、公平地享用城市公园绿地所提供的服务,华强北街道、莲花街道、园岭街道和华富街道公园绿地设施建设非常完善,且绿地格局与人口格局配置合理,香蜜湖街道与沙头街道开放性公园绿地建设状况有待改进。将步行指数应用于公园绿地建设状况评估,为步行城市建设、公园绿地空间布局优化提供参考依据。

    Abstract:

    Green Lands in urban parks are important and indispensable parts of the contemporary cities. Whether citizens can conveniently enjoy facilities and services supplied by the urban parks is regarded as a significant indicator of the harmonious man-land relationship, urban modernization, and inhabitants' life quality. Furthermore, it embodies the social service function of the green lands in urban parks. This study selected Futian district as the study region. Single-point green land walk score was calculated to determine the walking accessibility of green lands. The population of Futian district was spatialized based on its land-use data. Combining the data of green lands and population distribution, this study evaluated the social service function of urban park green lands by determining the walking convenience of citizens in these green lands. Based on the isotropic area hypothesis, the overall walking accessibility of urban park green lands was found to be good in Futian. However, a huge difference was observed among different regions of Futian. A clear declining trend was observed from the eastern to the western parts of Futian. The green lands in Merlin Park, south Lianhuashan Park, Lychee Park, and Dahuang Park were considered highly accessible, whereas those in the northwestern and southwestern parts of Futian district were not. In addition, citizens could enjoy the services provided by these green lands conveniently and fairly in 70% of sub-districts; Huaqiangbei, Lianhua, Yuanling, and Huafu sub-districts had rather good open park space facility, and they performed a reasonable match between the green lands and population pattern. The status of green lands in the urban parks of Xiangmihu and Shatou sub-districts still needed to be improved. This manuscript presented a case study of the assessment of green land construction in urban parks using the walk score method. It particularly explored a new idea in applying walk score, providing useful reference for the construction of pedestrian city and spatial distribution optimization of green lands in urban parks.

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吴健生,沈楠.基于步行指数的深圳市福田区公园绿地社会服务功能研究.生态学报,2017,37(22):7483~7492

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