Industrial diversity was an important frontiers of industrial ecology research, and also an important decision support for industrial ecologization. But it carried out lots of concepts and various measurement methods. In order to understand the concepts of industrial diversity and its influence on industrial ecological system, this study first compared the similarities and dissimilarities between industrial ecological system and natural ecological system from structure and function aspects. In addition we reviewed the evolution of industrial diversity concepts, summarized the measurement methods of ten industrial diversity indices, which can be separated them into three groups as industrial number and evenness of distribution, industrial hierarchy, economic correlation and regional industrial combination. Then we gave detailed instructions on meaning and calculation formula of each index. We also made detailed analysis of the characteristics of these indices about the advantage and disadvantage. In practical application, combining the results of several industrial indices may help us to understand the full story of industrial composition and structure, and the influence of industrial diversity on the process of industrial ecosystem.