A suitable distribution of zonal vegetation types could provide a reference for the restoration and reconstruction of regional vegetation and protection of biodiversity. Between 1961 and 2013, we used mutation point detection and the thermal index to study the impacts of climate change on the distribution of the main vegetation types in Northeast China. The land cover data for 2000 and 2013 from NASA LPDAAC (The Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center) EOS were used to verify the simulated distribution regions. The results showed that the temperature mutation point for Daxing'an Mountains was in 1982, and the mutation points for the other regions were in 1988. The annual precipitation at each eco-geographical region showed no obvious mutation. After 1982, the main vegetation types, which were suitable for growth,showed no obvious changes;however, their distribution regions had been changed. The areas of suitable distribution regions for alpine tundra, subalpine forest, cold-temperate coniferous forest, and temperate mixed forest decreased continuously;however, the areas for warm-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest and temperate grassland increased. The geographic centers for the suitable distribution of each vegetation type had moved to different degrees before and after the temperature mutation points. Among them, the center of the subalpine forest had moved towards the northeast, and the distance was the longest (135.44km). On the basis of the comparative analysis,we concluded that climate change possibly had an impact on the distribution of vegetation types in Northeast China.