Canopy structure and dynamics are critical components in the functioning and key ecological processes of forest ecosystems. Evergreen broadleaved forests are the representative community type in the subtropics, but the characteristic of canopy structure of this forest is poorly understood. In the present study, 80 permanent plots (20 m×20 m for each plot) on a typical slope (200 m×160 m) in the mid-mountain region of Damingshan Mountain were built and equally divided into 5 groups on the slope (16 continuous plots on each slope segment). In order to reveal the feature and short-term dynamic regulation of the canopy structure in this evergreen broadleaved forest, we investigated and analyzed the slope effects and annual dynamics of canopy structure indexes, including canopy height (CH), canopy volume (CV), canopy cover (CC), ratio of high to low cover (HLr) and leaf area index (LAI) during the growing seasons from 2009 to 2012. Mean CH, CV, CC, HLr, and LAI of this evergreen broadleaved forest averaged (12.09±0.05) m, (2642.51±278.33) m³ (in each plot), (59.90±3.29)%, 2.48±0.23, and 2.00±0.06, respectively. The canopy structure was multilayered with CC averaging 42.20% in the upper layer, 30.35% in the middle layer, and 18.05% in the lower layers. Meanwhile, the canopy structure showed differences between slopes and growth years. For different slopes, the coefficient of variation of the index ranked as follows:CV (29.84%-55.89%) > HLr (32.90%-53.52%) > LAI (22.48%-43.89%) > CC (16.61%-25.74%) > CH (8.26%-12.77%). For different growth years, the coefficient of variation of the index ranked as HLr (47.33%-57.00%) > CV (39.70%-49.06%) > LAI (21.58%-48.13%) > CC (20.35%-24.15%) > CH (9.19%-12.59%), showing that CH had relatively strong stability. We found significant effects of slope scale on LAI with an elevation of 0.34 when sliding down 100 m in the downslope direction. The results of two-way ANOVAs showed that slope position had significant and extremely significant effects on CH (P=0.022) and HLr (P < 0.001), respectively, while year of growth had significant effects on HLr (P=0.013) and extremely significant effects on CV and CC (both P < 0.001). The interaction effects of slope×year on CV and LAI were significant (P=0.016 and P=0.017, respectively). Correlation analysis showed that there was extremely significant positive correlation between DBH and canopy area. Our results indicated that the canopy structure of evergreen broadleaved forests on Damingshan Mountain have the characteristics of relatively lower CH, CC, HLr, and LAI, and smaller CV. This could be attributed to the relatively higher elevation (934-1223 m), shallow soil (30-45 cm), and the frequency of freezing disturbances, especially the severe ice storm damage in 2008 on Damingshan Mountain. This could also be the result of the long-term adaptation of canopy structure in montane evergreen broadleaved forest to environmental conditions.