Adaptation and mitigation measures against climate change impacts and risks, especially global warming threats, have been widely accepted by the governments, scientists, and organizations. However, theories and methods for assessing climate change impacts and risks are not standardized, causing incomparable results for different sectors. Based on the conception of social and structural paradigms developed by Kuhn, this study first proposed the theory paradigm for research on climate change impacts and risks according to the logical ideas of "Vulnerability Separation Uncertainty Risks," and then summarized the corresponding analysis methods, including observations, experiments, models, statistics, and the framework of quantified risk assessment. Furthermore, based on the transferring logic of the four components of theory paradigm, systematic research on the climate change impacts and risks can be accomplished with synthetic application of different analysis methods. This study could be helpful in the advancement of studies on climate change impacts and risks, and enhance their application in tackling climate change.