Rapid urbanization in China has led to tremendous socio-economic development, but has also caused a variety of environmental problems. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) agglomeration is one of the most rapidly urbanizing areas in China, and is currently facing with considerable resource depletion challenges and severe local and regional pollution. In order to understand the impact of urbanization on regional environments, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristic of the emissions of 10 types of pollutants in the 13 cities in the BTH region, from 2000 to 2010. The pollutants included:domestic sewage (DS), industrial waste water (IWW), industrial and domestic chemical oxygen demand (ICOD; DCOD), industrial and domestic sulfur dioxide (ISO₂; DSO₂), industrial and domestic smoke and dust (ISD; DSD), industrial solid waste (ISW), and industrial waste gas (IWG). Pollutant emissions per capita (PEPC), pollutant emissions per unit of GDP (PEPUG), and pollutant emissions per unit of area (PEPUA) were calculated for 2000, 2005, and 2010. We further examined the relationship between the emissions and economic development to investigate whether pollutant emissions in the region fit an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). The results showed that:(1) There was considerable variation in the pollutant emissions among the cities. Four cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan, and Shijiazhuang) accounted for 37% to 69% of the total pollutant emissions in the region. Higher average DS and DCOD emissions were noted for Beijing (942.37 million t and 116214 t, respectively) than for the other cities. In contrast, the IWW, ICOD, ISO₂, ISD, ISW, and IWG emissions were higher in Tianjin, Tangshan, and Shijiazhuang than in the other cities; (2) Compared to the other cities, the highest domestic and industrial pollutant emissions were noted in Beijing and Tianjin, respectively. However, the PEPC, PEPUG, and PEPUA were lower in these two cities than in the other cities, except for the DS pollutant. In fact, the PEPC, PEPUG, and PEPUA for DS were much higher in Beijing than in the other cities. For example, the PEPUG for DS in Beijing was 21295 kg/10000 Yuan, while the regional average was 11914 kg/10000 Yuan; (3) From 2000 to 2010, changes in pollutant emissions varied among the cities. The total PEPC and PEPUA for the DS, ISW, and IWG emissions increased for most of the cities. For example, IWG emissions in Tangshan increased from 266.6 billion Nm³ in 2000 to 1687 billion Nm³ in 2010. However, IWW, ICOD, DCOD, ISO₂, DSO₂, ISD, and DSD emissions, decreased from 2000 to 2010; and (4) There were EKC characteristics for the IWW, ISW, IWG, DSO₂, and DSD pollutants in the region (R² < 0.5, P < 0.05). The turning point for pollutant emissions typically occurred when the per capita GDP reached approximately 40000 Yuan. Overall, the considerable variations in total emissions and emission intensity among cities in the region suggested that differentiated policies and actions should be taken to either reduce the total emissions of certain types of pollutants, or increase the efficiency of resource utilities. For example, Beijing should focus more on the reduction of DS emissions, whereas Tangshan, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, and other industrial cities should focus on controlling the emissions of industrial pollutants. The results further revealed the relationship between pollutant emissions and the degree of urban development, which enhances our understanding of the effect of urbanization on local and regional environments.