茶梢信息物引诱叶蝉三棒缨小蜂效应的检测
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中国计量学院浙江省生物计量及检验检疫技术重点实验室,江苏省盐城市大丰农场,中国计量学院浙江省生物计量及检验检疫技术重点实验室

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国家自然科学基金项目(31071744);浙江省教育厅项目(Y201329611);浙江省大学生创新创业项目(2014R409056,2015R409052)


Evaluation of attraction of volatile semiochemicals from tea shoots to the mymarid Stethynium empoascae
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Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection Quarantine,College of Life Sciences of China Jiliang University,,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection Quarantine,College of Life Sciences of China Jiliang University

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    摘要:

    为确定引诱假眼小绿叶蝉卵寄生蜂叶蝉三棒缨小蜂的茶梢信息物并检测其活性,遂于室内用Y管嗅觉仪进行行为测定,结果表明:①假眼小绿叶蝉口针刺吸和产卵管刺伤茶梢嫩茎、口针刺吸的茶树芽叶、以及口针刺吸芽叶近邻的健康茶叶的气味皆强烈引诱该蜂;②以健康茶梢、叶蝉为害茶梢挥发物中27种主要成分的3个剂量即10-6、10-4 g/mL和10-2 g/mL正己烷溶液为味源,进行嗅觉反应测定,发现顺-茉莉酮、芳樟醇、橙花醇、正戊醇、正己醇、1-戊烯-3-醇、α-松油烯、α-松油醇和蒈烯的1或2个剂量显著引诱该蜂。茶园中:①10-4 g/mL顺-茉莉酮、10-4 g/mL芳樟醇和10-4 g/mL 1-戊烯-3-醇三组分的等量混合物显著诱集叶蝉三棒缨小蜂;10-2 g/mL橙花醇、10-2 g/mL正戊醇、10-2 g/mL α-松油烯、10-6 g/mL正己醇、10-6 g/mL α-松油醇和10-6 g/mL蒈烯六组分等量混合物的诱效更强;②加入液体石蜡作为缓释剂,可将该6组分诱集剂的半衰期延长0.7d;③6:00-10:00缨小蜂比较活跃,这一时段诱捕的缨小蜂数占总诱捕数 > 50%。认为:假眼小绿叶蝉为害的茶梢上受害和未受害芽叶含有的顺-茉莉酮等部分挥发性化合物强烈地引诱叶蝉三棒缨小蜂,当它们按恰当比例组成诱集剂之后,则诱效显著增强,再与素馨黄色彩组合,诱效更强。

    Abstract:

    To determine the potential attraction of tea shoot volatiles to Stethynium empoascae, a key egg parasitoid of the tea green leafhopper, laboratory behavioral bioassays using a Y-tube olfactometer and field trapping experiments in tea plantations were carried out. Results were as follows:1) volatiles released from the tender tea stems, buds, or leaves damaged by the feeding and oviposition activities of tea green leafhoppers, and their nearby un-damaged leaves, strongly attracted the mymarid S. empoascae; 2) twenty-seven volatile compounds were identified from healthy and leafhopper-damaged tea shoots as main components. Their synthetic candidates were dissolved in hexane at three dosages (10-6, 10-4 g/mL, and 10-2 g/mL) and further tested in the Y-tube olfactometer as odor resources on S. empoascae. It was found that cis-jasmone, linalool, nerol, pentanol, hexanol, 1-penten-3-ol, α-terpinene, α-terpineol, and (+)-3-carene significantly attracted the parasitoid at one or two dosages tested. Field trapping results indicated that:1) a ternary blend (at 1:1:1 ratio) of cis-jasmone, linalool, and 1-penten-3-ol each at 10-4 g/mL attracted more mymarids than any individual components in the tea gardens; furthermore, a mixture of six compounds (at equivalent ratios) including nerol, pentanol, and α-terpinene (each at 10-2 g/mL) along with hexanol, α-terpineol, and (+)-3-carene (each at 10-6 g/mL) attracted even more mymarids; 2) the half-life of the six-component blend was extended for 0.7 more days when liquid paraffin was added as a controlled release agent; 3) the mymarids were active mainly during 6:00-10:00 a. m., accounting for > 50% of the daily mymarid trap catches. In conclusion, volatiles from the tea leaves on the leafhopper-damaged shoots efficaciously attract mymarid parasitoids. Furthermore, synthetic tea shoot volatile blends at near natural release ratios, and their combinations with the jasmine yellow color might be more attractive to the egg parasitoid.

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潘铖,林金丽,韩宝瑜.茶梢信息物引诱叶蝉三棒缨小蜂效应的检测.生态学报,2016,36(12):3785~3795

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