Global climate change has increased the vulnerability of natural ecosystems and brought a huge challenge to human being, how to adapt to climate change has become a hot spot in the world. The farmers who rely on natural resources for livelihoods is one of the vulnerable groups to adapt to climate change. Climate change has a serious negative impact on the farmers' livelihood, especially in the high-frigid ecologically vulnerable region. Perception of climate change is the basis of climate change adaptation, clearing the features of climate change perception of farmers is conducive to a better understanding of their response action. Selecting Gannan Plateau as the study area, based on 539 household survey data and the MPPACC (Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change), built a index of the farmers' perception of climate change, this paper analyzes the features of farmers' perception to climate change and the key factors that affect the farmers' perception of climate change by using the econometric model. The results show that:(1) Farmers' perception of temperature change is more accurate than the perception of precipitation change,79.96% of farmers have sensed accurately the trend of rising temperatures over the past 30 years, which is consistent with the meteorological data, and only 36.92% of farmers have sensed the trend of rising precipitation, which is inconsistent with the actual meteorological data; At the same time, farmers have a deep memory of the influential and larger scale extreme weather that happened in recent years;(2) Farmers' severity perception, probability perception, adaptation efficacy perception and adaptation costs perception of climate change are strong, but the self-efficiency perception of climate change is weak, the index of their severity perception, probability perception, adaptation efficacy perception, self-efficacy perception and adaptation cost perception are 3.76, 3.34, 3.43, 2.85, 3.53 respectively. And these perception is the strongest in farming area, next in the planting-pasturing area, the pure pasturing area is the weakest.(3) Climate change information, farmer's objectively adaptive capacity, farmers' trust on the social discourse, and adaptation incentives are all affect the farmer's perception of climate change, among them, adaptation incentive is the key factors influence farmers' climate change perception, and the more adaptation incentives, the weaker farmers' severity perception, probability perception and adaptation costs perception, but the stronger farmers' adaptation efficacy perception and self-efficiency perception. Finally, we put forward some relevant policy recommendations, the purpose is improve the accuracy of farmers' perception to climate change and enhance their adaptive capacity.