To better understand the availability of phosphorus (P) in mid-subtropical forest ecosystems, various forests that originated from natural tree felling were selected in the Huangkeng work area of the Chenda state-owned forestry farm, and the effect of different regeneration patterns on soil total, available, and dissolved organic P were studied. The results indicated that, in the 0-100 cm soil layer, (1) Average soil total P content from highest to lowest was (0.49±0.09) g/kg in the Castanopsis carlesii forest (NF), (0.35±0.04) g/kg in the mild disturbance forest with natural regeneration (LAR), (0.34±0.03) g/kg in the intensive disturbance forest with natural regeneration (HAR), (0.32±0.02) g/kg in the Pinus massoniana plantation (PIM), and (0.3±0.03) g/kg in the Cunninghamia lancealata plantation. Natural regeneration forests had higher total P than plantations, and total P for NF was significantly higher than that of the plantations (P < 0.05). (2) Average soil available P content (NaHCO₃ extraction) from highest to lowest was (0.41±0.39) mg/kg for NF, (0.26±0.2) mg/kg for LAR, (0.23±0.16) mg/kg for HAR, (0.17±0.05) mg/kg for PIM, and (0.13±0.06) mg/kg for CUL. Available P of LAR was significantly higher than that of plantations (P < 0.05). (3) In the 0-10 cm soil layer, dissolved organic P content was highest in summer and lowest in winter for every forest type, which was probably caused by seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation. In the same season, dissolved organic P from NF was significantly higher than that of plantations (P < 0.05), and dissolved organic P is natural regeneration forests was higher than in plantations. Correlation analysis showed total P, available P, and dissolved organic P were significantly positively correlated with litterfall and soil organic carbon storage, but had a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density, and exhibited a declining trend with increasing human disturbance. Total P and available P in the soil profile exhibited characteristics of surface accumulation. Compared to plantation management, natural forest regeneration was more conducive to storage and transformation of nutrients, and for the long-term management of the mid-subtropical forests.