Terraced fields are an important part of agricultural heritage systems and play a vital role in agricultural production. Soil nutrients (organic matter [OM]; available nitrogen [AN]; available phosphorus [AP]; available potassium [AK]) are essential for improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, for protecting the environment, and for sustaining agricultural development. However, developments in terrace agriculture, such as changes in the cropping system, cultivation measures, and fertilization levels, lead to changes in soil nutrients. However, little information is available regarding the spatial variability of soil nutrients in terraced fields. As part of China's Important Agricultural Heritage Systems, the Lianhe terraced fields are worth protecting and developing. The aim of this study was to better understand the spatial variability of soil nutrients (OM, AN, AP, and AK) for the scientific management of the Lianhe terraced fields. The field study was carried out in the Lianhe terraced fields, and the spatial variability of soil nutrients was analyzed based on a semivariogram, and the effects of topographic factors (elevation, gradient, topographic wetness index, topography relief, and sediment transport index) on soil nutrients were further analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of OM, AN, AP, and AK varied in the ranges of 3.6 to 9 g/kg, 67 to 423 mg/kg, 3.1 to 9.6 mg/kg, and 15 to 300 mg/kg, with the coefficient of variation being 24.23%-63.9%, respectively. The soil nutrient levels were divided into five grades, which were slightly higher (Ⅰ), abundant (Ⅱ), medium (Ⅲ), deficient (Ⅳ), and low (Ⅴ). Most of the rice fields were rich in OM and AN, which accounted for 94.5 and 88.5% above the Ⅱ nutrient level. Some areas were lacking AP and AK, which accounted for 37 and 51.5% below the IV nutrient levels. The ratio of nugget (C₀/(C₀+C)) of OM, AN, and AP were 12.09, 16.89, and 11.76%, respectively, and these results showed strong spatial autocorrelation, which indicated that OM, AN, and AP were mainly affected by structural factors; however, the (C₀/(C₀+C)) of AK was 50%, which showed a modest degree of autocorrelation, implying that AK was controlled by both structural and random factors. The spatial autocorrelation scale of AN and AK was larger compared with that of the other nutrients; the ranges of spatial autocorrelation were 4399 to 2230 m, and they were isotropic within the range 2000 to 1600 m, respectively. The spatial autocorrelation scale of OM and AP was 870 and 930 m, respectively, and changed in the direction of 0, 45, 90, and 135°, which were significant in anisotropy. These results indicate there is a need for the government to strengthen its guidance on fertilization, including a moderate increase in phosphorus and potassium, and a reasonable reduction in nitrogen fertilizer and field straw residue. Moreover, the sampling density of OM and AP should be increased, while the sampling density of AN and AK could be appropriately reduced in future investigations of soil nutrients.