In order to study the structure of the macrobenthic community in the coastal and artificial wetlands in Xuanmen Bay, samples in different seasons were collected in seven habitats from two types of wetlands from October 2010 to July 2012. We identified 63 macrobenthic species in total, belonging to 41 Families, 8 Classes, and 5 Phyla. In the first year, 47 species were found, of which 41 were identified in the coastal wetlands and 14 in the artificial wetlands. In the second year, 58 species were found, including 50 in the coastal wetlands and 10 in the artificial wetlands. The total number of species in the artificial wetlands was significantly lower compared to that in the coastal wetlands. The two dominant species belonged to mollusks and arthropods, and accounted for 50.00% and 37.10%, of the species total respectively. In two years, 5 species were identified in the coastal wetland and the average number of dominant species was 4.50, whereas in the artificial wetlands, 8 species were identified, with the average number of dominant ones being 3.25. The two-year average density and biomass values for the macrobenthos ranked from highest to the lowest were as follows for the first year:density values were HS > GT > HH > RL > SC > NY > SK, and GT > HS > HH > SC > NY > RL > SK, whereas biomass values were HS > RL > HH > GT > NY > SK > SC and HS > HH > RL > GT > NY > SC > SK. In two years, three species diversity measurements (the Margalef richness index (S), the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), and the Pielou evenness index (J)) were in a state of constant change in 7 different habitats. Compared with the values obtained for the coastal wetlands, S and H' in the artificial wetlands were lower. Over two years, three species diversity measurements in the coastal wetlands three habitats (HH,GT,HS) was the second year higher than the first year, while in the artificial wetlands, three species diversity measurements in the NY habitat was the second year higher than the first year, other three habitats (SC,SK,RL) was the first year higher than the second year. Based on the results of the two-way ANOVA analysis of the diversity of the three species, we found that S in 7 of the habitats was significantly distinct (F_6,6=7.62, P<0.01). However, in different years the index showed no significant changes (F_1,6=0.44, P>0.05). Additionally H' in various habitats and multiple years revealed no significant differences. The J in distinct habitats and years also showed no significant differences. The hierarchical cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) showed that community structure was divided into two groups:SC,SK, NY, and RL in the artificial wetland, and GT, HS, and HH in the coastal wetlands, which indicated that the community structure had been changed greatly because of land reclamation. From the ABC curve analysis, we theorized that the coastal wetland was affected by slight disturbances and the artificial wetland was influenced by dramatic disturbances. Reclamation changes the tidal flat elevation, hydrodynamic force, salinity and tidal flat sediment characteristics. These factors, including human activities, were pivotal to obtain an understanding of variations in macrobenthic communities. Therefore, the ecological restoration projects after reclamation are essential.