In recent years, high concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) or fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), primary pollutants in most cities, have been monitored frequently in China. Numerous studies have manifested an inextricably link between atmospheric particulate matter and human health. The ambient PM_2.5 or PM₁₀ concentrations are affected by the landscape structure (LS, including the landscape composition and configuration) directly or indirectly. Consequently, quantifying the connectivity of PM_2.5,PM₁₀ concentrations in LS has become an important subject in the scientific and decision-making communities. Based on the systematic summary of both domestic and foreign studies, a series of possible influential factors attributed to the uncertainty in this field of study were identified, and potential study directions for the future have been proposed. Firstly, results indicate that the type of landscape has different effects on the concentrations of air particles. Urban sprawl aggravates air pollution, and densely built-up city areas have turned into the critical situations suffering from high concentrations of air pollutant (particularly PM_2.5,PM₁₀). Intra-urban landscapes, construction areas, areas of heavy traffic and industrial zones, leading to higher PM_2.5 or PM₁₀ concentrations through direct discharge of particles, were considered to be the "source" landscapes. Because of effective role of plants in interception and absorption of particles, the concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in woodland, grassland and green-land were lower than other types of landscape, and these were usually deemed as the "sink" landscapes. Due to the variation of seasonal impacts of air particles, farmland was often regarded as the "source" in the harvest season and the "sink" in the growing season. It is still indeterminate whether the wetland is the "source" or the "sink", as well as a water body. Secondly, the characteristic modification of the surface land during urbanization has exerted strong impacts on the meteorological conditions, which may influence the process of air contamination. The microclimate changes caused by LS, such as urban heat islands or cold-humid ecological effects, affect the evolution of airborne contaminants indirectly. However,these influences, processes, and mechanisms were too intricate to determine accordant conclusions from previous literature. Our third finding examines data in existing research of PM_2.5 or PM₁₀ concentrations and landscape pattern were mostly obtained through monitoring or remote sensing retrieval. But these data were still uncertain due to the effects of method, micro-environment and image. The spatial-temporal scale between air particles and LS was also complicated. All mentioned above have greatly lagged the research progress of relationship between LS and the responses of air particulate matter, and would be new challenges for prospective studies. Fourth, some key study directions should be highlighted in future, such as analyses on the regional spatial-temporal differential and the response course of PM_2.5 or PM₁₀ to LS. Besides, the influence processes, mechanism and contribution degree of air particles concentration caused by LS and its climate change, especially by water body, wetland and their cold-humid ecological effects were also in need of concerns in the future.