Soil aggregation is an important soil physical property that controls water storage, aeration, fertility, plant growth, and biological activity. Soil aggregates are formed as a result of rearrangement, flocculation, and cementation of particles. They are controlled by soil organic carbon, biota, and mineral particles (clay and oxides). Fe and Al oxides, as important inorganic binding agents for aggregates, have attracted increasing attention in tropic and sub-tropic areas where soils are rich in oxides. Oxides can contribute to aggregation in three ways: Oxides as a flocculant in soil solution; organic materials adsorbed on oxide surfaces; and a coat of oxides formed on the surface of minerals that creates bridges between primary and secondary particles. However, owing to the difference in degree of crystallinity, particle size, and distribution of oxides, the debate on the effect of oxides on aggregate formation and stability has continued. The subtropical mountainous area of southern China is a major timber plantation region, where large areas of native broad-leaved forests have been converted to tree plantations. Such forest conversion involved intensive anthropogenic disturbance, which has significantly altered soil structures. Because of the fragile system and complex soil processes and conditions, investigating changes in soil structure (especially soil aggregate formation and stability) associated with forest conversion are very important for understanding soil carbon dynamics. In this study, soils (at a depth of 0-10 cm) were collected from three forests: naturally regenerated Castanopsis carlesii forest (NR), Castanopsis carlesii plantation (CC), and Chinese fir plantation (CF) in Sanming city, Fujian Province. These forests spread over the same parent rock type and have the same topography. Wet sieving method was used to determine the size distribution of water-stable aggregates. Different forms of Fe and Al oxides in mineral soil were extracted selectively and their contents were measured. The relationships between Fe and Al oxide contents and the amount of water-stable macroaggregates > 0.25 mm in diameter as well as the aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) were analyzed. The amount of different forms of Fe oxides ranged from 0.83 to 12.41 g/kg, and that of Al oxides ranged from 0.74 to 5.82 g/kg. Both types of oxides were most abundant in NR followed by CC and CF. The dominant forms of these oxides were present in the following order: dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate-extractable oxides (Fe_d, Al_d) > > acid ammonium oxalate-extractable oxides (Fe_o, Al_o) > sodium pyrophosphate-extractable oxides (Fe_s, Al_s). The amount of water-stable macroaggregates > 0.25 mm in diameter ranged from 69.71 to 82.41% and were present in the order of NR > CC > CF, following the same trend of MWD. These results may be due to the increasing artificial disturbance caused by forest management and the decrease of binding agents. Linear regression analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between Fe, Al oxides, and the amount of water-stable macroaggregates > 0.25 mm in diameter and the MWD, irrespective of oxides form. Although the contents of Fe_o, Al_o, Fe_s, and Al_s were far below those of Fe_d and Al_d, the higher correlation coefficient (R) and significant P valueindicated that they were more important factors contributing to the formation and stability of macroaggregates. Compared to Fe oxides, Al oxides had higher R and P, implying that they may play a relatively more important role in promoting aggregates formation and stability. It is concluded that Fe_o, Al_o, Fe_s, and Al_s may benefit more aggregate formation and stability than Fe_d and Al_d.