Sexual selection has long been recognized as a driving force in shaping reproductive characteristics and hence in promotion of speciation. Elaborate ornamentation and courtship displays are among the most visible consequences of sexual selection. Sexual selection generally includes male-male competition and female mate choice. There are three levels of mate choice: species recognition, mate recognition, and mate assessment. Species recognition is the prerequisite for mate choice. In a wide range of wolf spider species in the family Lycosidae, males display a bewildering diversity of ornaments that have presumably evolved under the influence of female mate choice. Most studies on the function of male ornaments in lycosids have primarily focused on the genus Schizocosa and shown that conspicuous visual ornaments on male forelegs are frequently incorporated into complex courtship displays. Nonetheless, such secondary sexual traits of male wolf spiders in the genus Schizocosa do not play a vital role in female mate choice. In order to elucidate the origin and evolution of male ornaments among wolf spiders, comparative studies are needed. Few studies have addressed the function of male ornaments in other lycosid genera, such as Pardosa. The courtship displays of Pardosa males are characterized by complex movements of the pedipalps. The wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, is among dominant predators in paddy fields. P. pseudoannulata males have pedipalps with white tibia and black cymbium. When the males encounter sexually receptive females, they usually display courtship behavior by rowing their white and black pedipalps. It is assumed that complex movements of the white and black pedipalps may perform an important function in species recognition in P. pseudoannulata. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by manipulating male white and black pedipalps: Group A (control group; male pedipalps were not painted), Group B (white tibias of male pedipalps were painted black), Group C (the black cymbium of male pedipalps was painted white), and Group D (the black cymbium of male pedipalps was painted black). We then randomly paired individual males with 3-day-old virgin females and examined male mating success and female cannibalism. The mating success of Group B males was significantly lower than that of Groups A, C, and D, whereas no significant difference in male mating success was observed among Groups A, C, and D. In contrast, the rate of female cannibalism in Group B was significantly higher than that in the other three groups. We concluded that the white and black hairy ornaments on pedipalps of male P. pseudoannulata may be important for species recognition. We cannot rule out female mate choice.